C2 Spanish Course

I. Grammar Contents for Level C2

Nouns
Anthroponym with determinant.
Nicknames and pseudonyms.
Toponyms with determinant.
Forms of treatment.
Plural in literary words.

Nominal syntagms
Rare agreements.
Royal pronouns.
Use of the first person plural.
Plural of modestia.

Adjectives
Compound adjectives.
Uncommon demonyms.
Adjectives invariable to number.
Preposition of adjectives. Values.
Rare complex comparisons.
Formation of diminutives.

Adjectival syntagms
Objects introduced with propositions.
Atypical constructions.

Articles
Emphatic value of the article.
Substantive value of the article. Restrictions.
Absence of determination.

Pronouns
Emphatic value
Reduplicated structures.
This with the anaphoric value.
Ethical dative.
Fixed expressions with atonic pronouns.
Values of se.
Restrictions on the use of relative pronouns with prepositions and with modifying elements.
Use of exclamatory pronouns.

Possessive pronouns
Intensifier value.
Emphasis value.
Ironic value.
Expressions with possessives.

Demonstratives
Demonstratives after the name with a despective meaning: el chico este
Demonstratives as a substitute for the first person.

Quantifiers
Ordinals.
The distributive sendos/as.
Todo / nada as modifiers of the adjective and noun.
Muy, demasiado, mucho + noun.
Other quantifying structures.

Prepositions
Prepositional verb regime.
Prepositional expressions.
Contrast por / para.

Adverbs and adverbial expressions
Restrictions on the formation of adverbs with -mente.
Negation of the adverb.
Modus adverbs, connectives, focusers, intensifiers and interrogatives.

Interjections
Interjection expressions with uncommon use: ¡Alas!, ¡Hola! (to express surprise)

Verbs
Values of the verbal forms of present, past and future in the Indicative and Subjunctive
Values of the conditional forms.
Uses of the present, past and future verb forms in informal registers.
Use of the conditional forms in informal registers.
Identification of trends in the use of the past in different regions of Spain and Latin America.
Contrast of verbs in the past.
Use of the Subjunctive tenses in independent and subordinate clauses.
Conditional and concessional value of the Imperative.
Detailing the use of the passive voice.

Verbal periphrasis
Detailing the use of aspectual and modal verbal periphrases: infinitive, gerund and participle periphrases.
Non-personal forms
Uses of the Infinitive: temporary, concessional, conditional.
Uses of the gerund: causal, conditional, concessional and modal value.
Uses of the participle: temporal, concessive, causal.
The absolute participle.

Simple clauses
Deliberate mismatches.
Plural of ‘modestia’.
Plural ‘mayestáico.’.
Variations in the SVO order.

Coordinated clauses
Use of copulative links.
Use of disjunctive links.
Use of adverse links.
Use of distributive links.
Use of explanatory links.

Subordinate clauses

1. Substantive subordinate clauses
1.1. Substantive subordinate clauses with the Infinitive
Alternating between the Infinitive and the conjugated verb.

1.2. Substantive subordinate clauses (with two conjugated verbs)
– OD function
Verbs that alternate with the Indicative and Subjunctive with a change in significance. Intencional nuances.

2. Relative clauses
Unspecific relative pronouns formed with -quiera.
Relative clauses with the value of the predicted object.
Coordinance of people in relative pronoun clauses.
Relative juxtapositions.
Relative emphatic expressions.

3. Adverbial subordinate clauses
3.1. Temporal clauses
Temporary clauses with the Indicative or Subjunctive.
Linking phrases: no bien, apenas, así que, tan pronto como, a medida que, conforme, según, en tanto (que),…

3.2. Location clauses
Introduced by adonde.
Dónde + noun.

3.3. Clauses conveying mood
Linking phrases: según y como, como que, como, lo mismo que si, igual que si,…

3.4. Causal clauses
Expression of cause with the Indicative and Subjunctive.
Links: porque, solo porque, a causa de que, gracias a que, por culpa de que,…
De + emphatic structure with a casual value

3.5. Consecutive clauses
Expressions of consequence.
Linking phrases: con que, de (tal) suerte que, como para,…
de + emphatic structure with consecutive value.
Ser de un + adjective + that that has consecutive value.

3.6. Concessive clauses
Concessive expressions.
Links: a sabiendas de que, pese a que, si bien,…
Y eso que / y mira que with concessive value in informal registers.

3.7. Comparative clauses
Links: tan… como, tanto… como, más… que/de, menos… que/de,
Substitution of cómo for cuanto / cual.

3.8. Closing clauses
Expressions of purpose.
Linking phrases: a (que), en orden a (que),…
A + Infinitive

3.9. Conditional clauses
True conditional clauses.
Conditional clauses with a subject that is difficult or impossible to perform.
Unrealistic or impossible conditional clauses.
Use of the Subjunctive in conditional clauses.
Use of the Infinitive to express conditions.
Imperative with condition value.

II.- Functional content for Level C2

1. Give and ask for information
Give and ask for personal information.
Give and ask for information about products and objects.
Give and ask for information about reasons and causes.
Give and ask for information about purpose.
Give information correcting other previous information.
Ask for confirmation.
Question information.
Relate messages (present and past).
Relate orders, requests and advice (in the present and in the past).
Narrate and describe.
Identify objects and persons.
Compare objects and people.
Narrate in the present.
Narrating in the past.
Talk about the future.
Organize moments chronologically.
Relate moments from the past.
Locate actions in time.
Write a news story.
Write a chronicle.
Summarize an argument.

2. Express opinions, attitudes and knowledge
Argue and debate.
Justify opinions.
Ask for an opinion.
Give an opinion.
Ask for assessment.
Evaluate.
Express approval and disapproval.
Defend an argument.
Invite agreement.
Express agreement and disagreement.
Show skepticism.
Express degrees of assuredness.
Counter-argue.
Express certainty and evidence.
Invite to formulate a hypothesis.
Express possibility.
Express obligation and necessity.
Express knowledge and ignorance.
Ask for skills.
Express skills.
Express what you can remember.

3. Express tastes, desires and emotions
Express wishes and interests.
Ask for wishes and interests.
React to the wishes of another person.
Express dislike. Express preferences.
Express difficult or impossible wishes.
Ask for your wishes.
Express indifference.
Ask for plans and intentions.
Express plans and intentions.
Ask after someone’s mood.
React by showing your feelings.
Express joy and satisfaction.
Express sadness.
Express pleasure and fun.
Express boredom.
Express anger and indignation.
Express fear, anxiety and concern.
Express nervousness.
Express empathy.
Express relief.
Express hope.
Express disappointment.
Express resignation.
Express regret.
Express shame.
Express surprise and surprise.
Express admiration and pride.
Expressing affection.
Expressing physical sensations.

4. Influencing the interlocutor
Express prohibitions.
Express obligations.
Request and give permission.
Propose solutions.
Recommend and advise.
Give instructions.
Give advice.
Repeat a previous or anticipated order.
Express complaints.
Ask a favor.
Ask for help.
Ask for objects.
Reproach.
Reassure.
Encourage.
Offer and invite.
Warning.
Threaten.
Promise and commit.
Make a literary use of language.

5. Socialise
Greet someone, introduce yourself, say goodbye.
Introduce someone (formal and informal).
Ask to be introduced.
Apologize.
Showing appreciation.
Make excuses and justify yourself.
Express condolences.
Congratulate.

6. Structuring the speech
Establish communication.
Highlight or give importance to something.
Introduce the topic.
Allude to topics or interventions of others.
Give the choice to the interlocutor.
Manage speaking turns.
Cohesion of texts.
Giving coherence to a text.
Sequence arguments.
Exemplify.
Reformulate what has been said.

III.- Phonetic and orthographic contents for level C2

Phonetic
Refining your accent and possible phonetic errors.
Recognition of varieties according to social position.
Identification of foreign accents.

Orthographic
Detailing thoroughly the general rules of spelling.
Attention to spelling exceptions.
Spelling of foreign words.
Spelling of cultisms.
Double vowel and single vowel alternations.
Graphic alternations of the groups bs/s, gn/n, mn/n, ps/s, pt/t, ns/s.
Words with double letters.
Words that allow double accentuation.
Correct use of typographies.
Use of all punctuation marks.