C1 Spanish Course

I.- Grammar contents for level C1

Nouns
Proper nouns, their meaning and value
Change of gender with change of meaning.
Plurals in words having dactylic stress that change the position of the accent.
Plurals in foreign words.
Plurals in family names.

Noun syntagm
Nominalizations
Restrictive attachments or modifiers.
Clause modifiers.

Adjectives
Compound adjectives.
Position of the adjectives
Isolated adjectives in a predicative complement function.
Metabasis of the adjective

Adjectival syntagm
Complements introduced by prepositions.
Quantifying expressions.

Articles
The uses and meaning of definite and indefinite articles (and their absence) in different contexts.
The absence of an article

Pronouns
The use of personal pronouns and their meaning in the context in which they appear.
The neutrals; lo, eso, ello.
The phrases with se.
Relative pronouns with prepositions.
Leísmo, loísmo and laísmo

Possessives
Combined with the pronoun lo.
Quantifier value.
Fixed expressions with possessives.

Demonstrative
Anaphoric values.
Post Nominal position in exclamations with qué.

Quantifiers.
Partitive numeral quantifiers.
The universal todo.
The relative quantifier cuanto.
Inclusive and exclusive quantifiers.

Prepositions.
Prepositional regime of verbs.
Combined prepositions

Adverbs and adverbial idioms.
Restrictions for the adverbs forms with -mente.
Discursive connectors: additive, consecutive, counter argumentative…
Notional or point of view adverbs.

Interjections
Nouns in interjective function: ¡Madre! ¡Ostras!,…

Verbs
Values of the present, past and future verb forms in the indicative and the subjunctive.
Values of conditional forms.
Uses of the present and the imperfect indicative in the indirect style
Uses of past tenses in indirect style.
The future and the conditional in the indirect style
The present and the imperfect subjunctive in the indirect style.
Contrast of verbs in the past. Use of the past to refer to previous moments.
Use of past tenses in valuations.
Simple and compound conditional.
The subjunctive in independent clauses.
The passive voice.
The time agreement: present, imperfect, perfect and pluperfect of the subjunctive.
Indirect or discursive style referring to the past
Reduplicative phrases.

Expressions
Review of aspectual and modal verbal periphrasis.
Periphrasis of the infinitive, gerund and participle.
The peripheries of the future.
Periphrasis ir + gerund; tener + participle.
Periphrasis with dejar, acabar y andar.

Non personal forms
Uses of the infinitive: temporary, concessive, conditional.
Uses of the gerund: causal, conditional, concessive and modal value.
Uses of the participle: temporary, concessional, causal.
The absolute participle.

Simple clauses
Ad sensum agreement.
Variations in the order subject, verb, object.
Prepositions of subject and object in interrogative clauses.

Coordinated clauses
Asyndeton and polysyndeton.
Distributive link.

Subordinate clauses
1. Substantive subordinate clauses

1.1. Substantive subordinate infinitive clauses
Alternation between the infinitive and conjugated verbs.

1.2. Substantive subordinate clauses (with two conjugated verbs)
Subject Function:
Expression of feelings + Imperfect Subjunctive,
Expression of feelings + Perfect Subjunctive,
Expression of feelings + Conditional,
Function OD:
Consecutio temporum in the indirect style,
Expression of wishes + Present / Perfect Subjunctive,
Expressions used in the indirect style,
Uses of the Subjunctive to comment and to value information,
Uses of the Subjunctive to declare what we think or to question what others think,
Uses of the Subjunctive in the formulation of wishes and objectives,
Use of the present and the imperfect subjunctive depending on present or past: Me sorprendió que…
Time agreement in substantive subordinate clauses. The tenses of the Subjunctive.

2. Relative clauses
Specifying relative clauses,
Relative explanatory clauses,
Relative clauses with preposition,
Indicative or subjunctive in relative clauses,
Relative clauses to indicate place and mode,

3. Adverbial subordinate clauses
3.1. Temporal clauses
The temporal clause with indicative or subjunctive.
Antes de y después de with Infinitive or Subjunctive,
Mientras with Indicative or Subjunctive.

3.2. Place clauses
Introduced by donde,
Introduced by donde combined with prepositions.

3.3. Way clauses
Links: como, como si.

3.4. Causal clauses
Expressions of cause with the indicative and subjunctive
Nexus: porque, solo porque, a causa de que, gracias a que, por culpa de que.

3.5. Consecutive clauses
Expressions of consequence
Nexus: así que, o sea que, entonces, de modo que, total que, luego, de ahí que…

3.6. Concessive clauses
Aunque with indicative and with subjunctive.
Concessive expressions

3.7. Comparative clauses
Como si + Imperf. or Pluperfect subjunctive.

3.8. Purpose clauses
Expressions of purpose
Nexus: para (que), con vistas a (que), con el objeto/fin de (que), a fin de (que).

3.9. Conditional clauses
The conditional clause with si.
Real conditional clauses
Conditional clauses that are difficult to carry out or impossible.
Unreal or impossible conditional clauses.
Use of the subjunctive in conditional clauses.
De + infinitive to express conditions.
Expression of hypotheses in present and past.
Other conditionals: minimal, negative, remote, unwanted
Consecutio temporum in conditional clauses.

II.- Functional content for level C1

1. Give and ask for information
Give and ask for personal information.
Give and ask for information about products and objects.
Give and ask for information about reasons and causes.
Give and request information on purposes.
Give information correcting other previous information.
Ask for confirmation.
Question information.
Pass on messages (in the present and in the past).
Pass on orders, requests and advice (in the present and in the past).
Narrate and describe
Identify objects and people.
Compare objects and people.
Narrate in the present.
Narrate in the past.
Narrate about the future.
Chronologically order moments.
Relate moments from the past.
Locate actions over time.
Write a news story.
Write an article.
Summarize an argument.

2. Express opinions, attitudes and knowledge
Argue and debate.
Justify opinions.
Ask for an opinion.
Give an opinion.
Request valuation.
Assess.
Express approval and disapproval.
Defend a position.
Invite to an agreement.
Express agreement and disagreement.
Show skepticism.
Express degree of security.
Counter Argue.
Express certainty and evidence.
Invite to formulate a hypothesis.
Express possibility.
Express obligation and need.
Express knowledge and lack of.
Ask about skills.
Express skills
Express what you remember.

3. Express likes, wishes and feelings
Express wishes and interests.
Ask about wishes and interests.
React to another person’s desire.
Express dislike.
Express preferences.
Express wishes that are difficult or impossible to carry out.
Ask for wishes.
Express indifference.
Ask about plans and intentions.
Express plans and intentions.
Ask about the mood.
React by showing your feelings.
Express joy and satisfaction. Express sadness
Express likes, desires and feelings (continues)
Express pleasure and fun.
Express boredom.
Express anger and outrage.
Express fear, anxiety, and concern.
Express nervousness.
Express empathy.
Express relief.
Express hope.
Express disappointment.
Express resignation.
Express regret.
Express shame.
Express surprise.
Express admiration and pride.
Express affection.
Express physical sensations.

4. Influence the interlocutor
Express prohibition.
Express obligation.
Request and give permission.
Propose solutions.
Recommend and advise.
Give instructions.
Give advice.
Repeat a previous order or budget.
Express complaints
Ask for a favor.
Ask for help.
Ask for objects.
Reproach.
Reassure.
Encourage.
Offer and invite.
Warn.
Threaten.
Promise and commit.
Make a literary use of language.

5. Socialise
Greet, introduce yourself, say goodbye.
Introduce someone (formally and informally.)
Ask to be introduced.
Apologize.
Show appreciation.
Make excuses and justify yourself.
Give condolences.
Congratulate.

6. Structuring the speech
Establish communication.
Highlight or give importance to something.
Introduce a topic.
Allude to topics or interventions of others.
Give the choice to the interlocutor.
Taking turns to speak.
Consolidate texts.
Give coherence to a text.
Sequence arguments.
Illustrate.
Reformulate what has been said.

III.- Phonetic and orthographic content for level C1

Phonetic
Filtering an accent and possible phonetic errors.
Recognition of regional dialect varieties.
In-depth study of pronunciation differences between Spain and Latin America.

Orthography
In-depth study of general spelling rules.
Giving attention to spelling exceptions.
Spelling of foreign words.
Learned word spelling.
Spelling of place names in other languages.
Proparoxytone with an accent change in plural.
Graphical alternations of the groups bs / s, gn / n, mn / n, ps / s, pt / t, ns / s.
Review of the use of different typography.
Use of all punctuation marks